C&O Canal Towpath Trail
C&O Canal Towpath Trail. Photo by: Dave Jonasen
The C&O Canal Towpath is a 184.5-mile (297 km) trail that follows the Potomac River from Washington DC to Cumberland, Maryland. Originally constructed in 1828 for mule-drawn canal boats, it's now a popular recreational trail maintained by the National Park Service. The trail can be combined with the Great Allegheny Passage to create a route all the way to Pittsburgh (an additional 150 miles).
Trail Characteristics:
- Surface is primarily dirt/gravel with some short paved and crushed stone sections
- Follows the Potomac River the entire route, crossing through historic sites and natural areas
- Best trail conditions at the ends (Miles 0-20 and 155-184) and around Harpers Ferry
- Nearly flat grade, descending only 605 feet over the entire length
- Suitable for hiking and cycling, though surface can be rough and muddy
- Camping available every 5 miles or so
Important Information
- Trail conditions can vary significantly based on weather, with frequent puddles and mud
- Water pumps available at campsites from mid-April to mid-November
- Bring a light for the Paw Paw Tunnel (mile 156.5)
- Harper's Ferry crossing requires carrying bikes up/down stairs
- White's Ferry (mile 35.5) provides river crossing service
Check the National Park Service website for current trail conditions and closures, as detours can involve challenging terrain.